The Journal of Law and Epistemic Studies (e-ISSN 3091-1575), published by Publis Editorial, an editorial unit of Publisciencia S.A.S. (R.U.C.: 1391936852001, Portoviejo, Ecuador), aims to serve as a multidisciplinary platform for the dissemination of innovative research and advanced practices in the fields of Law and other social sciences. The journal promotes the analysis of theoretical and practical approaches that integrate legal sciences and social sciences such as Sociology, Psychology, Anthropology, Political Science, Economics, History, Human Geography, Social Work, Demography, Education, Social Communication, Gender Studies, Criminology and International Relations. It is a space where innovation in human life from the social sciences, legal analysis and understanding of them converge to generate knowledge that promotes justice, competitiveness and sustainable development of organizations and societies globally.
Impact of cognitive processes on work performance comparative study in teachers of the Cruz del Norte Educational Unit
This study examines the relationship between cognitive processes and job performance in teachers at the Cruz del Norte Educational Unit, focusing on attention, planning, organization, anxiety, and job stress. A mixed-method design was applied, combining quantitative and qualitative techniques such as psychometric tests, Pearson correlation, multiple regression analysis, Student’s t-test, the Delphi method, and the Ishikawa diagram. The results show that executive functions, particularly planning and organization, have a significant positive impact on job performance. Teachers with higher levels of these skills demonstrate better performance, with strong correlations (r = 0.72, p = 0.001; r = 0.65, p = 0.003). In contrast, anxiety and stress act as limiting factors. Multiple regression analysis indicates that anxiety (β = -0.4946, p < 0.0001) and stress (β = -0.3721, p < 0.001) negatively predict job performance. Additionally, job indiscipline—reflected in absenteeism and lateness—shows a strong negative correlation with performance (r = -0.74, p < 0.000). These findings highlight the importance of time management and organizational commitment, as well as the need to implement training and psychological support strategies to improve teacher performance and educational quality.
Copyright (c) 2026 Erick. J Loor- Domo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Religious practices and cultural conflicts in the indigenous communities of Umariaçu I and II, Tabatinga-AM, Brazil
This study analyzes the impact of religious practices on cultural identity and the emergence of cultural conflicts in the indigenous Ticuna communities of Umariaçú I and II, located in the municipality of Tabatinga, Amazonas, Brazil. The research adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques, including participant observation, structured questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews applied to a sample of 170 community members of different ages and genders. Quantitative data were examined using descriptive statistical analysis based on percentages, while qualitative data supported an in-depth interpretation of local sociocultural dynamics. The findings reveal a progressive weakening of traditional Ticuna cultural practices, particularly ancestral rituals, intergenerational transmission of knowledge, and collective festivities. This process is closely associated with the expansion of Christian religious institutions, especially Evangelical and Catholic denominations, whose doctrines and norms often restrict participation in traditional rites. Such restrictions have generated identity tensions and intergenerational conflicts within the communities, with a stronger impact observed among younger members. The study concludes that the predominance of externally imposed religiosity, rather than respectful intercultural dialogue, has contributed to cultural displacement and identity fragmentation in the communities studied. These results underscore the importance of strengthening intercultural educational strategies and public policies aimed at protecting indigenous cultural autonomy and promoting the coexistence of religious diversity without undermining ancestral traditions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Valdenizio Leão-Santana, Anayansi Albert-Rodríguez, Naymi Madrigal-González (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Mediation of communication practices in the service provide by notaries
Effective communication has become a strategic component of the quality of public services, especially in areas characterized by high technical and legal complexity, such as notarial services. In this context, this article aims to analyze how communication practices influence the service provided by notaries, identifying the main communication practices employed by notaries and assessing their impact on users' perceptions of quality and satisfaction. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach with a descriptive-interpretive design. Semi-structured interviews were used as the primary data collection technique, applied to 15 practicing notaries and 30 users who visited various notary offices. Data analysis was performed using qualitative content analysis, which allowed for the identification of analytical categories related to communication practices and their impact on the service experience. The results show that practices such as using clear and accessible language, active listening, and constant feedback significantly improve the understanding of notarial acts, strengthen the perception of legal certainty, and foster institutional trust. In contrast, the absence of these practices generates uncertainty, perceptions of distant treatment, and distrust of the notarial institution. It is concluded that the mediation of communicative practices constitutes a determining factor in the quality of the notarial service, by strengthening its social function, preventing conflicts and promoting a more accessible, reliable and citizen-oriented public service.
Copyright (c) 2026 Gleidys L. Rodríguez-Reyes (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The promise of equity challenges and realities of the extended school day in San Francisco de Macorís, Dominican Republic
The implementation of the Extended School Day (ESD) in the Dominican Republic has been conceived as a public policy aimed at reducing educational inequalities and promoting greater equity within the school system. However, its application in specific territorial contexts reveals structural, pedagogical, and or ganizational challenges that shape its outcomes. This study aims to analyze the challenges and realities of the ESD in Educational Region 07 of San Francisco de Macorís, focusing on its perceived impact on educational equity and teaching and learning conditions. The research adopts a descriptive mixed methods approach, com bining empirical analysis of teachers’ and school administrators’ perceptions expressed through descriptive statistical data with a systematized review of recent academic and normative literature. The findings indicate progress in terms of student retention and expanded access to instructional time, alongside persistent lim itations related to infrastructure, teachers’ workload, institutional management, and the functioning of the School Feeding Program. The study concludes that while the ESD constitutes a significant opportunity to advance educational equity, its effectiveness largely depends on contextual conditions, adaptive school management, and complementary policies that ensure quality and sustainability.
Copyright (c) 2026 Nelson Rosario-Cordero (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Rethinking science from the university social studies and the transformation of doctoral education
Internal communication in public health institutions is a key operational axis and an essential space for the production and circulation of organizational knowledge. This study, from a critical organizational perspective, diagnosed the internal communication dynamics within a Cuban healthcare institution, identifying strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for structural improvement. Using a qualitative, non-experimental, and descriptive design, participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis were conducted, with thematic coding performed using Atlas.ti. A hierarchical structure was observed, characterized by limited feedback, strong reliance on informal channels, and a lack of strategic planning in communication management. These conditions hinder transparency, demotivate staff, and limit the institution’s responsiveness. However, spontaneous collaborative practices and a willingness for interpersonal dialogue were also noted, representing valuable resources for bottom-up institutional trans formation. It is necessary to professionalize internal communication, institutionalize protocols, and democratize information flows. Communication should be addressed as a transversal component of public management, constitutive of both power and organizational knowledge. The study provides conceptual and practical tools for rethinking the relationship between communication, institutional authority, and organizational epistemologies in the field of public health.
Systematization of professional practices
Copyright (c) 2025 María de los Ángeles Castillo, Diana N. Concepción (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
From efficiency to exclusion rethinking AI governance in public institutions
The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in public administration has been promoted as a means to increase efficiency and reduce human bias. However, recent studies reveal that these systems can reproduce and even amplify structural inequalities, thereby undermining fundamental human rights. This article offers a critical analysis of how algorithmic decision-making impacts equality, privacy, and human dignity, based on an interdisciplinary documentary review of normative frameworks, empirical studies, and real-world cases such as the COMPAS algorithm in the United States and the child welfare fraud detection system in the Netherlands. Three critical dimensions are identified: the algorithmic reproduction of historical prejudice, the prevalence of automation bias and selective adherence by public officials, and the inadequacy of current regulatory frameworks such as the European Union’s Artificial Intelligence Act (AI Act) and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Drawing on the concept of “slow violence,” the study argues that these technologies can imperceptibly erode fundamental rights, particularly among vulnerable populations. The findings support the need to move toward a model of algorithmic governance centered on human rights, incorporating principles of transparency, accountability, public oversight, and access to effective redress mechanisms. Only through comprehensive and enforceable regulation can the risk of a new form of algorithmic exclusion in the public sector be effectively mitigated.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vielka M. Párraga (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Legal artificial intelligence under empirical and epistemic scrutiny
This study critically examined the phenomenon of legal hallucinations generated by artificial intelligence systems used in legal contexts. The main objective was twofold: to quantify the frequency and types of errors produced by general-purpose and specialized models, and to analyze the ethical and epistemic implications of these failures. A quasi-experimental comparative design was adopted, using a corpus of 200 legal scenarios structured according to the IRAC method. Four artificial intelligence systems were evaluated: two general-purpose language models (ChatGPT 4 and Llama 2) and two specialized legal tools with augmented information retrieval (Lexis+ AI and Westlaw AI). Data collection included manual coding by legal experts and automated analysis using semantic entropy and semantic entropy probes. The results revealed that general-purpose models exhibited significantly higher rates of hallucinations, with fabricated legal citations being the most frequent error. The automated detection system achieved an acceptable accuracy in identifying inconsistencies, with performance metrics aligning well with those of human coding. These failures represent not only a technical risk but also an emerging form of epistemic injustice, as they compromise access to verified information and undermine trust in legal knowledge. It was concluded that epistemic validation mechanisms must be incorporated into legal artificial intelligence systems, and regulatory frameworks should be developed to ensure the responsible use of these technologies in forensic and academic practice.
Copyright (c) 2025 Oscar A. Muñoz (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Between algorithms and rights: platform work and labor disempowerment in Latin America
Platform-based work has transformed traditional forms of employment, generating new challenges for labor law. This study aims to critically analyze the link between the expansion of digitally mediated work through applications and the absence of minimum labor guarantees from a labor law perspective focused on Latin America. A qualitative methodology was employed, utilizing a documentary design and interpretive analysis of normative, doctrinal, and empirical sources, including scientific articles and international reports. The findings revealed that most platform workers are excluded from social security systems and legal protections due to ambiguous contractual classifications that define themas independent contractors, despite presenting clear indicators of subordination, continuity, and dependence. Forms of algorithmic control, lack of collective representation, and regulatory gaps were identified, all of which deepen labor precariousness. The discussion concluded that it is necessary to apply the classical principles of labor law—such as the primacy of reality, non-waivability, and protection—to these new digital forms of employment. Finally, normative guidelines were proposed to guarantee fundamental rights, promote algorithmic transparency, and adapt labor regulation to the transformations of the digital world of work.
Copyright (c) 2025 Fatsi S. Cedeño, Darley G. Mero (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Listening within structural barriers and relational potential in public health communication
Internal communication in public health institutions is a key operational axis and an essential space for the production and circulation of organizational knowledge. This study, from a critical organizational perspective, diagnosed the internal communication dynamics within a Cuban healthcare institution, identifying strengths, weaknesses, and opportunities for structural improvement. Using a qualitative, non-experimental, and descriptive design, participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis were conducted, with thematic coding performed using Atlas.ti. A hierarchical structure was observed, characterized by limited feedback, strong reliance on informal channels, and a lack of strategic planning in communication management. These conditions hinder transparency, demotivate staff, and limit the institution’s responsiveness. However, spontaneous collaborative practices and a willingness for interpersonal dialogue were also notes, representing valuable resources for bottom-up institutional transformation. It is necessary to professionalize internal communication, institutionalize protocols, and democratize information flows. Communication should be addressed as a transversal component of public management, constitutive of both power and organizational knowledge. The study provides conceptual and practical tools for rethinking the relationship between communication, institutional authority, and organizational epistemologies in the field of public health.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yanara Aróstica (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Law and innovation in food biotechnology: ethical implications for the production of functional foods
Functional foods have emerged as an innovative category within the food industry, promoted for their ability to offer additional benefits beyond essential nutrition. However, their commercialization poses significant legal and ethical challenges, particularly regarding regulating their health benefits, producer responsibility, and equity in access. This systematic review analyzes current legislation in various jurisdictions, including the European Union, the United States, and Latin America, comparing regulatory approaches and their impact on food safety and consumer protection. It also examines the main ethical dilemmas associated with promoting these products, such as labeling transparency, unequal access to functional foods, and using biotechnology in their development. The results show that while regulatory frameworks exist to regulate these issues, challenges persist in their practical implementation and the harmonization of standards internationally. It concludes that stricter and more consistent regulation, along with clear and accessible communication strategies for consumers, is essential to ensure safety and equity in the functional foods market.
Copyright (c) 2025 Daliannis Rodríguez, Mario A. García (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Gender-based and sexual violence in Latin America structural factors psychological impacts and challenges of institutional response
This article conducted a thematic review on gender-based and sexual violence in the Ecuadorian and Latin American context, aiming to analyze its principal manifestations, impacts, and institutional responses. A qualitative approach was applied, based on the documentary analysis of scientific literature published between 2019 and 2024, reports from international organizations, and current national legislation. The results showed that gender-based violence takes multiple forms, including physical, sexual, psychological, patrimonial, and moral violence, affecting women of all ages in a transversal manner. A high prevalence of domestic and sexual violence was identified, with profound physical and psychological impacts such as post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety. Structural risk factors were also recognized, such as patriarchal culture, economic inequality, lack of access to adequate services, and institutional revictimization. Despite legal advancements, significant challenges persist in effectively implementing public policies, comprehensive victim care, and transforming discriminatory cultural patterns. It was concluded that eradicating gender-based violence requires coordinated, sustained, and intersectional action that integrates legal, social, educational, and public health measures aimed at guaranteeing women’s human rights.
Copyright (c) 2025 Lisandra León, Leonel Céspedes (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
A concise analysis of the university’s impact on local development in Yaguajay municipality
Este artículo analizó el rol de la universidad en el proceso de desarrollo local del municipio de Yaguajay, con especial énfasis en el impacto del Centro Universitario Municipal (CUM) en esta región. La investigación examinó cómo esta institución académica ha contribuido activamente a la transformación y mejora de las condiciones socioeconómicas locales mediante la integración de recursos científicos, tecnológicos y humanos. Se identificaron diversas acciones, proyectos y estrategias impulsadas por la universidad, orientadas a responder a las necesidades específicas de la comunidad. El estudio destacó la importancia de la conexión entre la universidad y los diferentes actores sociales, económicos e institucionales del territorio, enfatizando que una mayor articulación y cooperación entre ellos podría potenciar aún más los efectos positivos en el desarrollo local. Además, se argumentó que la universidad, como motor de conocimiento e innovación, desempeña un papel clave en la planificación participativa y la implementación de políticas públicas locales. En conclusión, se sostiene que fortalecer el vínculo universidad-territorio representa una vía eficaz para promover el crecimiento sostenible y mejorar significativamente los indicadores socioeconómicos del municipio de Yaguajay.
Copyright (c) 2025 Edwin C. García-Vivas, Cristian L. Jiménez-Sánchez, Rixy A. García-Ruenes (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The principle of immediacy in evidence assessment institutional responsibility and procedural safeguards in the age of judicial digitalization
The present study analyzed the procedural principle of immediacy within oral proceedings, evaluating its preservation in digital judicialization environments and its impact on assessing evidence and procedural nullity. A qualitative approach was applied, employing a dogmatic jurisprudential method based on documentary and case law analysis of sources published between 2022 and 2025. The results showed that the virtualization of hearings presents significant challenges to the direct perception of evidence, particularly in evaluating oral testimonies. However, it also offers opportunities to expand access to justice and optimize judicial resources. The study found that the lack of immediacy can affect fundamental procedural guarantees; however, such an impact does not automatically result in nullity unless specific prejudice is demonstrated. It was also noted that it is possible to preserve immediacy in digital environments through appropriate technologies, strict protocols, and specific regulatory reforms. In conclusion, the study reaffirmed the crucial need for the digital transformation of judicial proceedings to be grounded in a rights-protective approach. This approach harmonizes technological efficiency with the full respect of the parties’ fundamental rights, thereby ensuring procedural legitimacy in judicial modernization.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mallury E. Alcívar, Brenner F. Diaz (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Identity and image audit in the UEB Sancti Spiritus basic electric organization
The research was conducted at the Basic Business Unit of the Sancti Spíritus Basic Electric Organization, within the context of an organizational change process linked to the strengthening of the socialist state enterprise in the updating of the Cuban economic model. This scenario included new regulations, such as the Social Communication Law, which reinforced the importance of communication, identity, and institutional image. The objective was to design an identity and image audit model for this unit. Qualitative methods were used, with a descriptive design and an interdisciplinary approach, taking into account cultural and individual factors in the construction of identity and image. The proposed model includes phases and steps distributed across four components: functional, cultural, commercial, and visual, involving managers and workers in a synergistic manner. The results showed favorable conditions in the entities of the Electric Union for the implementation of the model, which was characterized by being structured in phases, flexible, self-manageable, and aligned with other institutional processes, in accordance with the Regulation for the Implementation and Consolidation of the State Business Management and Direction System and the Social Communication Law.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yailen Franco-Cordero, Dámaris Valero Rivero, Elsa Ramos Ramirez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Moral values formation in schools axiological, philosophical, and psycho-pedagogical review
This theoretical and documentary study examined the philosophical, psychological, and pedagogical foundations that support the development of moral values in contemporary education. The objective was to analyze axiology as a key discipline for understanding values and to highlight the role of schools and teachers in building ethical and committed citizenship. A qualitative and hermeneutic methodology was applied, critically reviewing relevant academic sources in moral philosophy, developmental psychology, and ethics education. The results revealed three main findings: the progressive and relational nature of moral values; the axiological crisis in contemporary school contexts, marked by the dissonance between institutionally promoted values and those imposed by the socioeconomic environment; and the strategic role of schools and teachers as ethical mediators in the development of autonomous moral judgment. The conclusion was that values education cannot be conceived as an accessory content but as a cross-cutting axis of the educational process. Its conscious incorporation is essential to foster thoughtful, caring citizens committed to justice, respect, and human dignity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yoan Maderas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Human talent and transdisciplinarity from a bibliographic review
The study analyzed the application of transdisciplinarity in human talent management to identify its benefits, challenges, and opportunities. A systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA protocol based on studies published between 2002 and 2022 in high-impact scientific databases. The findings showed that transdisciplinarity facilitates the integration of knowledge from multiple disciplines, which drives organizational innovation, strategic competencies, and informed decision-making. Relevant obstacles were also identified, such as resistance to change, limited training in transdisciplinary methodologies, and difficulty consolidating multidisciplinary teams. It was concluded that implementing transdisciplinary approaches strengthens organizations’ sustainability and adaptability, provided collaborative training strategies and management models are applied. It is recommended that transdisciplinary training programs be incorporated at the university level and in continuing education to improve organizational performance and competitiveness in complex contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Renier Esquivel (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The undercover digital agent in Mendoza’s criminal legislation
This paper examined the incorporation of the undercover digital agent into the criminal process of the Province of Mendoza, Argentina, following the reform introduced by Law 9510 to the Code of Criminal Procedure. The objective was to analyze this concept’s normative, procedural, and constitutional aspects in the context of combating organized crime and complex crimes committed in digital environments. The scope of the new legal articles regulating the role of the undercover digital agent was studied, along with other digital investigation tools such as data security and computer systems analysis. This concept’s risks to fundamental rights such as privacy and the right to freedom from self-incrimination were also assessed. The methodology critically analyzed current regulations, specialized doctrine, and relevant jurisprudence. Among the main findings, a tension was identified between the need for investigative effectiveness and the protection of constitutional guarantees. In conclusion, it was argued that the legitimacy of the use of digital undercover agents depends on their rigorous implementation, with strict judicial oversight, defined time limits, and safeguards that ensure respect for due process and fundamental rights.
Copyright (c) 2025 Patricia A. Cozzo, Jesús C. Salas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Data protection and privacy in the context of emerging technologies
This study analyzed the challenges faced by traditional personal data protection mechanisms in the face of the advances of emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and neurotechnology. The objective was to examine the relationship between regulatory awareness, risk perception, and institutional practices related to data processing. To this end, a quantitative methodology was applied through a structured survey with a stratified sample of digital technology users. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The results showed a direct correlation between regulatory awareness and perceptions of digital security and a critical outlook among users with greater technological exposure. A gap was also identified between declared institutional policies and their actual implementation. The analysis allowed for the segmentation of user profiles and highlighted the need for more effective consent mechanisms, algorithmic auditing, and digital education. The conclusion was that adopting a comprehensive approach that articulates technological innovation, dynamic regulation, and citizen empowerment is essential to build digital governance based on protecting fundamental rights.
Copyright (c) 2025 Angélica M. Hernández (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Influence of radio promotion on cultural participation in the municipality of Sancti Spíritus
This study analyzed the influence of radio cultural promotion broadcast by Radio Sancti Spíritus on public participation in cultural activities in the municipality of the same name. Complemented by qualitative techniques, a quantitative methodology was applied to a non-probability sample of 20 listeners. Surveys, interviews, and a targeted listening experiment were used to evaluate the reception and impact of three radio promotions of varying quality. The results show that message quality, clarity of content, and the ability to generate positive emotions are determining factors in motivating participation. The role of radio as a strategic tool in community cultural promotion is discussed.
Copyright (c) 2024 Miguel A. Bravo (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Resilience is an attribute of the integral education of the university student
The work aimed to propose educational actions from the methodological conception of Popular Education, which stimulated resilience as an attribute of the integral formation of the student. It was derived from the research project of the University of Sancti Spíritus “José Martí Pérez” Scientific methodological conception for the improvement of the integral formation process of the student. The scientific methods used were adapted to the methodological approach of participatory action research (observation, analysis of documents, Technique of the ten wishes, Technique of the Positive, Negative, and Recommendations). The actions were based on a self-triple and participatory diagnosis that offered the opportunity to design, implement, and evaluate them with the students, as they became the main protagonists. The results pointed to a more dialogic communica[1]tion style, a collaborative, joyful, optimistic, autonomous, and creative behavior of the students when reflecting on or addressing situations in the socio-educational environment where they interacted, as expressions of a resilient attitude.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aurelia Massip, Yanelis C. Hernández, Óscar Ramón Martínez , Madanys I. Rodríguez (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Diagnosis of the formation of legal culture in representatives of the civil society of Sancti Spiritus
This study evaluated the legal culture among civil society representatives in Sancti Spiritus to identify gaps and opportunities to strengthen their legal skills. Through surveys, interviews, and analysis of regulatory documents, the level of legal knowledge and the perception of the relevance of law in their daily work were evaluated. The results revealed significant deficiencies in access to legal information, training in key regulations, and developing skills for interpreting and applying law. Among the main limitations detected were the lack of knowledge of the Constitution of the Republic of Cuba and the legal system. In addition, it was identified that a large part of society is unaware of the availability of legal professionals who offer advice in a collaborative and free manner, even from academic institutions, which limits access to legal services that could facilitate the understanding and application of current regulations. In response to this, a legal training plan was proposed aimed at improving knowledge and understanding of the law among representatives of civil society in Sancti Spiritus, providing theoretical and practical tools for the exercise of their functions and promoting more significant interaction with current regulatory frameworks.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yoan L. Pereira, Vania González, Dario Delgado (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The new public health law and the intervention of the patient advocate a correctable omission
Within the current legal framework, this study analyzed the relationship between job performance and administrative processes in the Decentralized Autonomous Government of Quinindé, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador. Factors limiting institutional efficiency were identified, and improvement strategies were proposed. A mixed-method approach was used, including surveys, semi-structured interviews, and document analysis. The study population consisted of 312 administrative employees, from which a sample of 164 participants was selected. The results indicated that a lack of clarity in organizational objectives and the absence of feedback negatively affected job performance. Although progress was observed in strategic and organizational planning, internal communication and leadership deficiencies persisted—the scarcity of training programs and the limited adoption of technologies negatively impacted management. The internal control system was found to be insufficient to ensure transparency and operational efficiency. Strengthening leadership, implementing training programs, incorporating technologies, and improving internal control are recommended to optimize administrative processes. Finally, citizen participation was highlighted as a key factor in legitimizing institutional management and strengthening the government and community relationship.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mariceilys Morales (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The case study in Psychology: self-realization and personal growth from the subject’s activity
Personality is an essential psychological category that arises from the peculiar integration of bio-psycho-social components and how the subject faces the challenges of his environment since it is a key tool to understanding one’s emotions and those of others. The case study in the context of personality psychology allowed a deep exploratory study of some primary psychological units and motivational psychological formations. For this purpose, various instruments were used, which involved the collection of detailed information about a person through multiple techniques, which, in this case, can be mentioned: projective instruments such as the 10-wishes test, the HTP, Rotter’s sentence completion, as well as the Coopermisth self-esteem inventory, and the Eysenck personality test, together with traditional methods of psychological research such as observation and interview. The present work’s general objective is to study the configuration of a supposedly healthy subject’s personality to describe the contents and functional aspects of the phonological dimension.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mercedes C. Jiménez, Israel Acosta (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
The transformation of civil Law: Contemporary challenges and fundamental principles
This study analyzed the evolution of civil law from a critical perspective, focusing on the fundamental principles of freedom of will, equality before the law, and good faith and their adaptation to contemporary demands. A qualitative approach was used, employing doctrinal and comparative methods to examine legislation, doctrine, and jurisprudence from various jurisdictions. The findings highlighted the permanence of these principles as essential pillars, although their practical application varied by context. In Europe, civil codes demonstrated greater flexibility in addressing emerging challenges such as digital rights and environmental sustainability. At the same time, in Latin America, regulatory gaps were identified in areas such as data protection and electronic commerce. The study also emphasized the importance of state intervention in regulating civil law, particularly in jurisdictions with less developed regulatory frameworks. It concluded that civil law faces the challenge of evolving toward a multidimensional approach that integrates ethical, social, and environmental values, promoting interdisciplinary cooperation and legislative harmonization. These adaptations are essential to ensuring a legal framework that addresses the challenges of a globalized and technologically advanced society, maintaining its relevance as an instrument of justice and equity.
Copyright (c) 2025 Vania González , Darío Delgado (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Analysis of barriers and proposals for inclusive access to justice for vulnerable groups
The study analyzed the structural, social, and cultural barriers vulnerable groups face in achieving equal access to justice, aiming to identify challenges and propose solutions. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining qualitative and quantitative analysis to understand Limitations and evaluate the effectiveness of current strategies, such as the “Stakeholder Engagement Plan”. Results revealed low participation among Indigenous communities and people with disabilities, attributed to the lack of culturally and linguistically adapted materials and concerns regarding privacy in the collection of sensitive data. Significant inequalities in access to BASIC services and formal employment were also highlighted, emphasizing the need for inclusive public policies to address these gaps. The conclusions underscored the importance of implementing differentiated protocols, strengthening the training of justice operators in human rights, and fostering collaboration with organizations representing vulnerable groups. Technological tools, such as online self-censuses, were also recommended to build trust and enhance participation. This study generates practical and compelling proposals to promote inclusive and equitable access to justice.
Copyright (c) 2025 Verónica M. Vargas (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Psychological analysis and intervention strategies for sports performance in a youth baseball pitcher
The study analyzed the psychological profile of a youth pitcher from the Sancti Spíritus, Cuba baseball team, aiming to identify his psychological strengths and weaknesses and design intervention strategies to optimize his sports performance and overall development. A single-case approach was used, applying validated tools such as the Eysenck Personality Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, the Sports Motivation Test, and the Volitional Qualities Test, complemented by interviews, direct observation, and projective techniques. Results indicated emotional stability and strength volitional qualities but revealed deficiencies in competitive aggressiveness and diversification of personal interests. The positive relationship with the coach was identified as a protective factor, although strengthening team cohesion was recommended. The study highlighted the importance of psychological assessment to enhance performance and foster the holistic development of young athletes, emphasizing the need for personalized interventions addressing both individual aspects and group dynamics. Despite its limitations, such as focusing exclusively on one participant, the findings provided a solid basis for future research and applications in youth sports psychology.
Copyright (c) 2025 Maybel Matos (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Competency-based management, performance evaluation in Portoaguas, and strategies for organizational strengthening with a focus on sustainable development
The research analyzed competency management and its impact on the work performance of Portoaguas Public Company employees, using a quantitative and applied approach that allowed the objective collection and analysis of data. Descriptive and field methods were used to identify behavioral patterns and test hypotheses related to the problem investigated. Through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, data were obtained that described the organization’s current situation and allowed the interpretation of how the implementation of work competencies influences employee performance. At the same time, a bibliographic review was carried out that theoretically supported competency management and its relationship with the evaluation of work performance, strengthening the practical analysis with a robust conceptual framework. The results showed that competency management positively impacts work performance, identifying areas of employee strengthening and development opportunities. It was concluded that applying a competency-based model is an effective strategy to optimize organizational performance, and it is recommended that its implementation be part of the company’s human resources policies.
Copyright (c) 2025 María E. Mendoza, Gisella N. Zambrano (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Job performance and legal framework in the administrative processes of the GAD of Quinindé, Esmeraldas
Within the current legal framework, this study analyzed the relationship between job performance and administrative processes in the Decentralized Autonomous Government of Quinindé, Esmeraldas Province, Ecuador. Factors limiting institutional eﬃciency were identiﬁed, and improvement strategies were proposed. A mixed-method approach was used, including surveys, semistructured interviews, and document analysis. The study population comprised 312 administrative employees, from which 164 participants were selected. The results indicated that a lack of clarity in organizational objectives and the absence of feedback negatively aﬀected job performance. Although Progress was observed in the strategic and organizational planning, internal communication, and leadership deﬁciencies persisted, the scarcity of training programs and the limited adoption of technologies negatively impacted management. The internal control system was found to be insuﬃcient to ensure transparency and operational eﬃciency. Strengthening leadership, implementing training programs, incorporating technologies, and improving internal control are recommended to optimize administrative processes. Finally, citizen participation was highlighted as a key factor in legitimizing institutional management and strengthening the government and community relationship.
Copyright (c) 2025 Allison M. Zambrano, Renier Esquivel (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Notes on the socialist mayorship of José Ruiz in Yaguajay
The neocolonial period in Cuba was characterized by widespread corruption, fraud, the dominance of economic and political elites, as well as repression and popular resistance. In this context, leftist parties and organizations emerged to fight against imperialism and promote the worker-peasant alliance. The Popular Socialist Party (PSP) was one of the most prominent, adopting a Marxist approach, supporting the struggle for social rights, and proposing the nationalization of key sectors of the economy, which contributed to its rise. The municipal mayorship led by José Ruiz in Yaguajay between 1946 and 1952 gained notable significance. His administration was marked by the implementation of policies focused on cleaning up government accounts and eliminating administrative deficiencies. His measures successfully organized tax collection, fought corruption, ensured salary payments, improved healthcare and education, and carried out public works. Despite the limitations imposed in the 1950s, José Ruiz’s strong determination and character, combined with his relentless fight against corruption and well-executed social policies, enabled the municipality to achieve socio-economic development in a few years that surpassed that of the previous four decades. Many of the projects carried out during his administration influenced the development of the present-day Yaguajay region and constitute a lasting positive legacy of that timeer.
Copyright (c) 2025 Edwin C. García, Cristian L. Jiménez, Anna L. Beltrán (Author) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0
Case study on mild intellectual disability in a minor with a focus on assessment and intervention strategies
This case study provides a comprehensive assessment of "Ana", a 12-year-old girl diagnosed with mild intellectual disability of prenatal origin, focusing on emotional, cognitive, and behavioral domains. The primary objective was to identify her specific needs and develop tailored intervention strategies to enhance her adaptation within family and school environments. The methodology included semi-structured interviews with her legal guardian and teacher, direct observation in family and educational settings, and psychometric assessments, such as the Raven's Progressive Matrices and the Dembo Self-Evaluation Scale. The findings revealed that "Ana" displays fluctuating self-esteem and significant emotional dependency on her mother, linked to anxious attachment patterns, which contribute to her low frustration tolerance and reactive aggression. Cognitively, she demonstrates attention deficits and below-average intellectual capacity, although she excels in creative activities like drawing, which may serve as an expressive outlet and bolster emotional resilience. The conclusions emphasize the need for a comprehensive intervention approach, incorporating structured support in both home and school settings, the development of emotional regulation skills, and frustration management techniques. This multidimensional approach promotes better adaptation for "Ana" and lays a foundation for her long-term emotional and social development.