A comprehensive review of advances in biomarkers for the early diagnosis and management of neonatal sepsis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14602153Keywords:
neonatal sepsis, acute-phase markers, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, early diagnosisAbstract
Neonatal sepsis markers are key tools for early diagnosis and monitoring this condition in newborns. Neonatal sepsis is a severe infection that can be difficult to identify due to its nonspecific clinical presentation. C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), and blood cultures are the most common markers. CRP is an acute-phase protein that increases in response to inflammation and can help detect sepsis, although its sensitivity improves with repeated measurements within the first 24-48 hours of symptoms. PCT, another acute-phase reactant, rises rapidly in bacterial sepsis, making it useful for early diagnosis and monitoring the response to antibiotic treatment. Blood cultures remain the standard for confirming the diagnosis, although their sensitivity can vary. New markers such as presepsin and endocan are under investigation, but their use remains limited. Combining these biomarkers and clinical assessment enhances the ability to differentiate sepsis from other conditions and guides appropriate treatment. Early identification and timely treatment are crucial to reducing mortality and complications associated with neonatal sepsis.
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