Religious Practices and Cultural Conflicts in the Indigenous Communities of Umariaçu I and II, Tabatinga-AM, Brazil

Abstract

This study analyzes the impact of religious practices on cultural identity and the emergence of cultural conflicts in the indigenous Ticuna communities of Umariaçú I and II, located in the municipality of Tabatinga, Amazonas, Brazil. The research adopted a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques, including participant observation, structured questionnaires, and semi-structured interviews applied to a sample of 170 community members of different ages and genders. Quantitative data were examined using descriptive statistical analysis based on percentages, while qualitative data supported an in-depth interpretation of local sociocultural dynamics. The findings reveal a progressive weakening of traditional Ticuna cultural practices, particularly ancestral rituals, intergenerational transmission of knowledge, and collective festivities. This process is closely associated with the expansion of Christian religious institutions, especially Evangelical and Catholic denominations, whose doctrines and norms often restrict participation in traditional rites. Such restrictions have generated identity tensions and intergenerational conflicts within the communities, with a stronger impact observed among younger members. The study concludes that the predominance of externally imposed religiosity, rather than respectful intercultural dialogue, has contributed to cultural displacement and identity fragmentation in the communities studied. These results underscore the importance of strengthening intercultural educational strategies and public policies aimed at protecting indigenous cultural autonomy and promoting the coexistence of religious diversity without undermining ancestral traditions.