Optimization of hydroalcoholic extraction of antioxidant compounds from Syzygium cumini L. pulp: effect of ethanol concentration and extraction time

Claudia E. Restrepo-Flórez; Yenis E. Castillo

doi:10.5281/zenodo.16741108

Autores/as

Claudia E. Restrepo-Flórez Corporación Universitaria Remington, Medellín, Colombia Autor/a https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7761-7063
Yenis E. Castillo Instituto de Farmacia y Alimentos, Universidad de La Habana, Cuba Autor/a https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6089-1578

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.16741108

Palabras clave:

Syzygium cumini, extracción hidroalcohólica, compuestos antioxidantes, polifenoles totales, antocianinas, optimización de la extracción

Resumen

Se llevó a cabo la optimización del proceso de extracción hidroalcohólica de la pulpa de cerezo negro (Syzygium cumini), considerando como variables de respuesta el rendimiento de polifenoles totales, antocianinas y la capacidad antioxidante. Los mayores rendimientos de compuestos fenólicos y antociánicos se alcanzaron al emplear tiempos prolongados de extracción y una concentración de etanol cercana al 80 % (v/v), con diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p ≤ 0,05). Estas condiciones no mostraron un efecto relevante en la capacidad antioxidante desde el punto de vista práctico. El extracto obtenido bajo condiciones óptimas, 83,23 % de etanol y 12 horas de extracción, presentó valores de rendimiento en polifenoles (25,19 %), antocianinas (23,24 %) y actividad antioxidante (11886 mg/100 mL) por debajo de los valores predichos por el modelo de optimización. Visualmente, el extracto mostró una tonalidad morada intensa, indicativo de la presencia de antocianinas como pelargonidina, delfinidina y sus derivados glicosilados.

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