Métodos de extracción de compuestos bioactivos: un enfoque hacia la sostenibilidad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14610634Palabras clave:
métodos de extracción, procesos de extracción verde, compuestos bioactivos, sostenibilidad ambiental, antioxidantes, flavonoidesResumen
Este artículo ofrece una visión de diversos métodos de extracción utilizados para obtener compuestos bioactivos a partir de materiales vegetales, destacando las condiciones del proceso, las propiedades de los extractos y sus aplicaciones potenciales. Se estudiaron metodologías como la extracción asistida por ultrasonido (EAU), Soxhlet, fluidos supercríticos (SFE), y métodos verdes o ambientalmente amigables. Cada técnica se evaluó en términos de eficiencia, costo, impacto ambiental y aplicación, considerando factores como el tipo de compuestos extraídos (antioxidantes, flavonoides, aceites esenciales) y su uso en las industrias alimentaria, cosmética y farmacéutica. Se señalaron las ventajas y limitaciones de cada proceso, proporcionando un marco para la selección del método más adecuado según las necesidades específicas de extracción y sostenibilidad.
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